Grade 9 Titanium Alloy | Ti-3Al-2.5V | UNS R56320 | ASTM B338 / B348 Supplier

Supplied by Huaxiao-Alloy – Your Trusted Global Alloy Partner

1. Grade 9 Titanium Alloy (Ti-3Al-2.5V) Overview

Grade 9 Titanium Alloy, also known as Ti-3Al-2.5V, is a near-alpha titanium alloy that offers an exceptional balance of strength, ductility, corrosion resistance, and cold formability. It is widely recognized as the most versatile titanium alloy for tubing applications, often referred to in the industry as the “workhorse titanium tube grade.”

Positioned between commercially pure titanium (Grade 1–4) and high-strength alloys such as Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V), Grade 9 delivers significantly higher strength than CP titanium while retaining excellent formability and weldability. This unique balance allows manufacturers to produce thin-wall tubes, complex bent structures, and lightweight components with outstanding mechanical reliability.

As a professional Grade 9 titanium alloy supplier, Huaxiao-Alloy supplies UNS R56320 Ti-3Al-2.5V in full product forms, strictly manufactured in accordance with ASTM, ASME, AMS, ISO, EN, and DIN standards, serving aerospace, marine, transportation, and high-performance industrial markets worldwide.

2. Equivalent Standards & Designations

Grade 9 titanium alloy is fully standardized and widely accepted in global engineering specifications.

Standard System	Designation
ASTM	Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V)
UNS	R56320
ASME	SB-338 / SB-348
AMS	AMS 4945 / AMS 4954
ISO	ISO 5832-11 (related applications)
DIN / EN	3.7195
JIS	TAP 6400-equivalent
GB (China)	TA18

➡️ These equivalents allow Grade 9 titanium to be specified seamlessly for international aerospace, marine, and industrial projects.

3. Chemical Composition of Grade 9 Titanium Alloy

Grade 9 is a near-alpha titanium alloy strengthened primarily by aluminum with a small addition of vanadium.

Element	Content (%)
Titanium (Ti)	Balance
Aluminum (Al)	2.5 – 3.5
Vanadium (V)	2.0 – 3.0
Iron (Fe)	≤ 0.25
Oxygen (O)	≤ 0.15
Carbon (C)	≤ 0.08
Nitrogen (N)	≤ 0.03
Hydrogen (H)	≤ 0.015

Composition Insight

Aluminum increases strength and oxidation resistance
Low vanadium content improves cold workability compared with Grade 5
Controlled oxygen ensures toughness and fatigue resistance

4. Mechanical Properties of Ti-3Al-2.5V (Grade 9)

4.1 Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature (Annealed)

Property	Typical Value
Tensile Strength	≥ 620 MPa
Yield Strength (0.2%)	≥ 483 MPa
Elongation	≥ 15%
Hardness	~ 200 HB
Density	4.48 g/cm³
Elastic Modulus	~110 GPa

4.2 Performance Characteristics

Strength significantly higher than CP titanium
Excellent fatigue resistance
Outstanding performance in thin-wall tubing
Ideal for weight-critical structural designs

5. Key Features & Advantages of Grade 9 Titanium Alloy

5.1 Outstanding Strength-to-Formability Balance

Grade 9 provides:

~30–50% higher strength than Grade 2
Much better cold formability than Grade 5
Reduced cracking risk during bending and drawing

This makes it ideal for tubes, frames, and complex welded structures.

5.2 Excellent Corrosion Resistance

Comparable to CP titanium in most environments
Resistant to:
- Seawater and marine atmospheres
- Chloride-containing media
- Oxidizing acids

Grade 9 is widely used where corrosion resistance and mechanical strength are both required.

5.3 Superior Weldability

Excellent weld stability using TIG / plasma welding
Weld zones retain corrosion resistance
Minimal post-weld heat treatment required

5.4 Cost-Effective Alloy Choice

Lower alloying content than Grade 5
Reduced forming and machining cost
Excellent lifecycle cost performance

6. Available Product Forms from Huaxiao-Alloy

Huaxiao-Alloy supplies Grade 9 Ti-3Al-2.5V in a complete range of mill and fabricated products.

6.1 Titanium Pipes & Tubes (Core Product)

Standards: ASTM B338 / ASME SB-338
Seamless & welded
OD: 6 mm – 114 mm
Wall thickness: down to ultra-thin wall
Annealed & stress-relieved conditions

6.2 Titanium Sheets & Plates

Standard: ASTM B265
Thickness: 0.5 mm – 50 mm
Pickled or bright annealed surface

6.3 Titanium Bars & Rods

Standard: ASTM B348
Round, square, hex
Hot-rolled or forged

6.4 Custom Fabricated Components

Bent tubes
Frames and welded assemblies
Precision machined parts per drawing

7. Typical Applications of Grade 9 Titanium Alloy

7.1 Aerospace & Aviation

Hydraulic and fuel tubing
Structural airframe tubes
Lightweight support components

7.2 Marine & Offshore Engineering

Seawater piping systems
Heat exchanger tubing
Offshore structural tubing

7.3 Bicycle & High-Performance Sports Equipment

Premium bicycle frames
Racing components
Lightweight structural tubes

7.4 Automotive & Transportation

Exhaust systems
Lightweight chassis parts
Performance tubing

7.5 Chemical & Industrial Equipment

Corrosion-resistant tubing
Pressure piping systems
Process equipment

8. Corrosion Resistance Performance

Grade 9 titanium forms a stable TiO₂ passive oxide layer, providing:

✔ Excellent resistance to:

Seawater
Marine atmospheres
Chlorides
Nitric acid

❌ Limited resistance to:

Hot concentrated reducing acids
Dry halogen gases at elevated temperatures

9. Fabrication, Machining & Welding Guide

9.1 Cold & Hot Forming

Excellent cold formability
Suitable for bending, drawing, and rolling
Lower springback than Grade 5

9.2 Machining

Easier to machine than Grade 5
Low cutting speed recommended
Sharp carbide tools and proper cooling essential

9.3 Welding

TIG, MIG, plasma welding recommended
Full inert gas shielding required
Welds retain strength and corrosion resistance

10. Heat Resistance & Thermal Properties

Continuous service temperature: ~300–350°C
Stable under thermal cycling
Not intended for high-load high-temperature structural use

11. Comparison: Grade 2 vs Grade 9 vs Grade 5

Property	Grade 2	Grade 9	Grade 5
Strength	Low	Medium-High	Very High
Formability	Excellent	Excellent	Moderate
Weldability	Excellent	Excellent	Good
Cost	Low	Medium	High
Typical Use	Corrosion service	Tubes & structures	High-stress parts